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Hindi Movie Download Free Free Hindi Movies and Videos.Commentary and reflections by Professor James C. Meier, University of Cincinnati College of Law
The acceptance of transgender status by a state or federal government is a watershed event for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning individuals (“LGBTQ”). Historically, it has been difficult to assess the effectiveness of a policy or program on an individual basis. That changed with the mid-1990s when the U.S. Census first began providing data on sexual orientation and gender identity (“SOGI”) to the American Community Survey (“ACS”). The use of SOGI identifiers, including gender identity, provides individualized data that allow policymakers to know whether a specific policy or program is, on average, achieving its stated objective. This is, however, only one factor to consider in assessing a policy’s effectiveness.
Sexual orientation and gender identity are distinct identity markers that encompass a set of characteristics. Sexual orientation is not the same thing as gender identity. Gender identity refers to an individual’s internal sense of being a man or woman or some variation thereof. It is a deep, instinctual sense that may be stable over time. As a child, for example, an individual may have identified as a boy or girl. As an adult, gender identity may remain consistent, while sexual orientation may change.
Laws that bar SOGI discrimination in public accommodations, employment, and housing are premised on the idea that people who identify as gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender are no different from heterosexuals in terms of having equal opportunity to enjoy the rights, privileges, and benefits that come with citizenship. The full legal implications of SOGI status, however, have not been fully evaluated in court. A host of federal laws bar anti-LGBTQ discrimination in employment and housing, including the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Civil Rights Act, Title VII, and the Fair Housing Act.
The Supreme Court held in the 2015 case of Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission that a bakery in Oregon could refuse service to a same-sex couple based on the bakers’ sincerely held religious beliefs. While in some cases there is a First Amendment right to discriminate against the LGBTQ community be359ba680
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